Cassava Starch Nanoparticles . A “nanocarrier†for Anthocyanin and Carotene Delivery
Keywords:
cassava, starch nanoparticles, carotene, anthocyaninAbstract
Cassava is a tropical tuber crop useful in the production of high quality of starch economically. One interesting application of starch is in the preparation of starch nanocrystals and nanoparticles by acid hydrolysis. These nanoparticles possess a reactive surface covered with hydroxyl groups, providing the possibility of extensive chemical modification. Biodegradable nanoparticles have been recently suggested as controlled release constructs to mitigate the side effects caused by nonspecific action of cytotoxic drugs commonly employed in chemotherapy. In this connection, starch nanoparticles currently receive much attention because of the abundance and easy availability of starch, its low cost, renewability, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and nontoxicity. There are several research reports supporting the capacity of these nanoparticles as excellent candidates for implant materials and drug carriers. Anthocyanin, a flavanoid extracted from the leaves of sweet potato, is a very good natural chemo preventive agent that allows suppression, retardation or inversion of carcinogenesis. The chemo preventive effect of carotene is also well established. In the present work, the preparation of starch nanoparticles from cassava starch, their characterization using Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and their interaction with anthocyanin and carotene are attempted. The evidence for loading was provided Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) spectroscopy. These plant pigments with proven chemo preventive properties after incorporation into starch nanoparticles could possibly be used in pharmaceutical applications since these nanoparticles possess excellent drug carrier properties.References
References
Angellier, H., Choisnard, L., Molina-Boisseau, S., Ozil, P. and Dufresne, A. 2004. Optimization of the preparation of aqueous suspensions of waxy maize starch nanocrystals using a response surface methodology. Biomacromolecules, 5(4):1545-1551.
Angellier, H., Molina-Boisseau, S., Belgacem, M. N. and Dufresne, A. 2005.Surface Chemical Modification of waxy maize starch nanocrystals. Langmuir, 21(6):2425-2433.
Badenhuizen, P., in: Methods in carbohydrate Chemistry, 1965, 4, Acad. Press, New York, pp. 14-15.
Bisht, S., Feldmann, G., Soni, S., Ravi, R., Karikar, C. and Maitra, A. 2007. Polymeric nanoparticle-encapsulated curcumin "nanocurcumin", a novel strategy for human cancer therapy. J.Nanobiotechnol., 5(3): 1-18.
Brigger, I., Dubernet,C. and Couvreur P. 2002. Nanoparticles in cancer therapy and diagnosis. Adv. Drug Deliv Rev.,54(5):631-651.
Corre,D.L., Bras, J. and Dufresne. 2010A. Starch Nanoparticles: A Review. Biomacromolecules, 11(5):1139.1153.
Dufresne, A. 2010. Processing of Polymer Nanocomposites Reinforced with Polysaccharide Nanocrystals, Review. Molecules, 15: 4111-4128.
Dufresne, A., Cavaille, J. Y. and Helbert, W. 1996. New Nanocomposite Materials: Microcrystalline Starch Reinforced Thermoplastic. Macromolecules, 29: 7624-7626.
He, J., Magnuson, B.A., Lala, G., Tian, Q., Schwartz, S.J. and Giusti, M. M. 2006. Intact anthocyanins and metabolites in rat urine and plasma after 3 months of anthocyanin supplementation. Nutr. Cancer, 54:3.12.
Habibi, Y., and Dufresne, A. 2008. Highly filled bionanocomposites from functionalized polysaccharides nanocrystals. Biomacromolecules, 9:1974.1980.
Ma, Z., Haddadi, A., Molavi, O., Lavasanifar, A., Lai, R. and Samuel, J. 2008.Micelles of poly (ethylene oxide)-b-poly (epsilon-caprolactone) as vehicles for the solubilization, stabilization, and controlled delivery of curcumin, J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 86: 300.310.
Moorthy, S. N. 2002. Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Tropical Tuber Starches: A Review. Starch/Stärke 54:559.592.
Putaux, J. L., Molina.Boisseau S., T. Momaur and Dufresne, A. 2003.Platelet nanocrystals resulting from the disruption of waxy maize starch granules by acid hydrolysis. Biomacromolecules, 4:1198.1202.
Rajeswari L.S., Moorthy S.N., Rajasekharan K.N., 2010. Extraction, purification and spectral properties of anthocyanins from sweet potato leaves. J. of root crops, 36:250-256.
Rickard, J. E., Asaoka, M. and Blanshard, J. M. V. 1991.The physicochemical properties of cassava starch. Trop. Sci. 31: 189-207.
Szymonska J., Targosz-Korecka M. and Krok F. 2009.Characterization of starch nanoparticles, 2nd National Conference on Nanotechnology ‘NANO 2008’, J, Physics: Conference Series 146, 012027.
Thielemans, W., Belgacem, M.N., and Dufresne, A. 2006.Starch Nanocrystals with Large Chain Surface Modifications, Langmuir, 22:4804-4810.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Dear Author(s)
We need your written permission before we can publish your accepted article in the Journal of Root Crops. Please read this form carefully, complete it and palace your signature below. A scanned copy of this form may be mailed to us within two days of receipt of this letter. Our email ID is: isrc_ctcri@yahoo.com or editor_jrc@yahoo.com or sreekumarctcri@gmail.com
Details:
In consideration of the publication in the Journal of Root Crops of our contribution entitled
(Name of the paper): .................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................... by us (all Authors’ names) ..........................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
A. To be filled in if copyright belongs to you
I/we hereby assign to Indian Society for Root Crops, Thiruvananthapuram, India, the full copyright in all forms and media in the said contribution, including open/ restricted access to online version. They own the rights to freely grant or distribute the paper to any third party or public
Please tick this box if you are the sole author of the paper
Please tick this box if you are authorised to execute this copyright transfer on behalf of all the authors of the above article
Name (block letters): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......
Institution/Company:..................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
Signature:.....................................................................; Date: ....................................................
B. To be filled in if copyright does not belong to you
1. Name and address of copyright holder:................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
2. The copyright holder hereby grants Indian Society for Root Crops, Thiruvananthapuram, India the full copyright in all forms and media in the said contribution, including open/ restricted access to online version. They own the rights to freely grant or distribute the paper to any third party or public.
(Signature of copyright holder or authorised agent)
